Denmark
Overview
Denmark is split into 2 zones: DK1 (West) is closely aligned with EU balancing arrangements, and DK2 (East) is integrated into the common Nordic balancing zone. The BSP role is available without BRP consent for FCR in DK1 and FFR and FCR-D in DK2.
In DK2, the asymmetric FCR-D (Disturbance) product is particularly well-suited to DERs. FCR-D has small min bids (0.1MW), flexible bid durations (1 to 6 hours) and pooled measurement. Pools are capped at 3MW, adding a cost (metering) and administrative burden to large portfolios. FFR’s 1 second response time limits many DERs, but is otherwise accessible.
In DK1, BSP restrictions on pooling limit the market. Pooling is allowed, but only within the same BRP if mixing generation and demand. BSPs are able to participate in the FCR market, but only BRPs may realistically access the restricted aFRR and mFRR markets.
Products
| Product | DER suitability | Pooling | Direction | Bidding | Min bid (MW) | Pool size (MW) | Full Activation Time (s) | Bid duration (hrs) | Measurement granularity (s) | Payment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FCR (DK1) | 3 | Yes | Symmetrical | Daily | 1 | 3 | 30 | 4hrs | 1 | Availability |
| aFRR (DK1) | 1 | Yes | Symmetrical | Monthly | 1 | 10 | 600 | 1 | Delivery,Availability | |
| mFRR (DK1) | 2 | Yes | Asymmetrical | Year,Daily | 10 | 3 | 750 | 1 | Delivery,Availability | |
| FCR-D (DK2) | 4 | Yes | Asymmetrical | Daily | 0.1 | 3 | 30 | 1-6hrs | 1 | Availability |
| FCR-N (DK2) | 2 | Yes | Symmetrical | Daily | 0.1 | 3 | 30 | 1 | Availability | |
| FFR (DK2) | 2 | Yes | Asymmetrical | Daily | 0.3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | Availability |